Accuracy and completeness

Every Assets answer is read from ledger state at read_view.as_of_ledger. Each record says how its balance was determined (source, verified), and each holdings response says in completeness whether the whole answer is verified. Read this page before you show balances as authoritative, for example in a wallet or an audit.

Sources

`source`	How the balance was determined	`verified`
`ledger_entry`	Read from the protocol entry: account, trustline, pool share, claimable balance or SAC balance	`true`
`token_storage`	A custom token’s contract storage, decoded with a recognized SEP-41 layout	`true` when the token is classified SEP-41 and its layout is recognized
`simulation`	The token’s `balance()` function simulated at `as_of_ledger` (only with `include=unverified`)	`false`

Exact: XLM, trustlines, pool shares, claimable balances, offers, and SAC balances of contract (C...) holders, live or archived. A G... account’s SAC balance is its trustline.
Exact for the layout: custom SEP-41 tokens that store balances in the common Balance(Address) -> i128 layout (layout: balance_i128).
Not listed by default: other custom tokens. They appear only with include=unverified, flagged unverified_token.

Completeness block

Every holdings response carries completeness. This live Mainnet answer holds one token with an unrecognized layout, so it is incomplete:

# A Mainnet key (lum_live_...) from app.lumeus.dev
export LUMEUS_MAINNET_KEY='paste-your-lum_live_-key'

curl --fail-with-body --get \
  "https://assets.lumeus.dev/accounts/CCW67TSZV3SSS2HXMBQ5JFGCKJNXKZM7UQUWUZPUTHXSTZLEO7SJMI75/holdings" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $LUMEUS_MAINNET_KEY" \
  --data-urlencode 'limit=3'

{
  "completeness": {
    "complete": false,
    "verified": 3,
    "unverified": 1,
    "simulated": 0,
    "simulation_skipped": 1,
    "unverified_contracts": ["CB6PIAMD6VPZEI7CMS4PMN6RL5LBTRNAO2ICB7SFXATKKIETOWFZILW3"],
    "note": "some balances come from tokens whose storage layout is not verified; they are excluded, add include=unverified to list them"
  }
}

Field	Meaning
`complete`	`true` only when every holding is verified and no candidate token was left out
`verified`	Verified non-zero holdings of the address, across all pages
`unverified`	Unverified non-zero holdings plus candidate tokens the index could not decode
`simulated`, `simulation_skipped`	Candidate tokens simulated in this response, and those not simulated
`unverified_contracts`	The candidate token contracts; read them with `include=unverified`
`note`	A human-readable summary

With include=unverified the same request simulates the candidate tokens (up to 5 per request, 1 extra credit each) and lists those with a non-zero balance as source: simulation, verified: false.

Archived balances

Contract storage that reaches the end of its lifetime moves to the hot archive, a store for expired contract entries. The holder still owns an archived balance, and the network restores it automatically the next time it is used. Archived balances keep archived: true and their amount; they are never shown as zero, and they count toward holder_count and supply.

What is not covered

Positions inside protocols (lending deposits, vault shares as value) are not holdings.
NFT contracts (SEP-50) are excluded from fungible lists.
Balance history starts at read_view.bootstrap_ledger. Ledgers it cannot answer exactly return 409; use a snapshot job.

Consistency with Activity

Holdings at as_of_ledger N plus Activity events from since_ledger=N+1 give no gaps and no double counting for ledger_entry and token_storage balances. The two indexes publish independently, so Assets as_of_ledger can be a few ledgers ahead of Activity.

Holdings: the include parameter.
Token registry: unverified_token and other flags.

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Accuracy and completeness

Sources

Completeness block

Archived balances

What is not covered

Consistency with Activity

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​Sources

​Completeness block

​Archived balances

​What is not covered

​Consistency with Activity

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Sources

Completeness block

Archived balances

What is not covered

Consistency with Activity

Next